salicylic acid, nicotinamide (NIC), glutaric acid, malonic acid, benzoic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, urea, succinic acid, saccharine sodium, Pluronic 68 AR, magnesium stearate,
crotonic acid, P-hydroxy benzoic acid, caffeine, 3,5 dihydroxy benzoic acid, piperazine citrate, cinnamic acid, adipic acid, hydroquinone, isonicotinic acid, acetamide, maleic acid, and ascorbic acid.
Degradation products are
crotonic acid, linear oligomers having a crotonate end group and dimers and trimers of
crotonic acid [9].
The rumen VFA composition was determined by gas chromatography (Chrompack, model CP-9002; Chrompack International BV, Middelburg, the Netherlands) using a 50-m fused-silica column (CP-Wax Chrompack Capillary Column; Varian Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA), and
crotonic acid as the internal standard.
Replaces the specification for 3-hydroxybutanoic acid-3-hydroxypentanoic acid, copolymer (FCM substance 744) with a specific migration limit for
crotonic acid.
High performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the retention time of
crotonic acid (by-product) obtained from digested PHA was approximately 24.97 min which was similar to the retention time of
crotonic acid (by-product) obtained from the digestion of commercially available poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (SigmaAldrich).
Shelton CN USA) with
crotonic acid as the internal standard.
In the preparation of acrylamidebased hydrogels, there are a number of studies containing sodium acrylate,
crotonic acid, maleic acid, and so forth used as hydrophilic monomers [19, 20].
The company is also working on chemical production steps, including extraction of the PHB using solvents, and a thermal method of converting the PHB into a chemical called
crotonic acid, which can be used as a feedstock for polymers.
The nickel cobalt crotonate hydrazinate is prepared by heating aqueous suspension of the corresponding metal carbonates (NiC[O.sub.3].2Ni[(OH).sub.2].4[H.sub.2]O, 1 g, 0.002 mol; CoC[O.sub.3], 1 g, 0.008 mol) and
crotonic acid (3.44 g, 0.03 mol) in 50 mL of water.
The formula also comprises at least one aqueous dispersion of particles of a polymer obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, urethanes, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and
crotonic acid; at least one acrylamide/sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl) amino]-1-propanesulfonate copolymer polyelectrolyte, which is different from the polymer in aqueous dispersion; at least one surfactant with an HLB of greater than or equal to 6.
The second monomer unit is selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl esters of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and
crotonic acid. The third monomer unit is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with at least one acid group.
Acrylic acid (AA; > 99%, Fluka, Switzerland),
Crotonic acid (CA; > 97%, Fluka, Switzerland) monomers and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, Merck) were used as received.